Bitter gourd is a very bitter vegetable, also known as bitter melon. This vegetable is found mostly in tropical and subtropical regions. As bitter as this vegetable is, it has many benefits. Drinking bitter gourd juice thins the blood in your body, brightens the complexion, and boosts immunity. If you want to grow bitter gourds in your garden, then this is a very good idea. How long does it take for bitter gourd to grow?
It is a very fast-growing vegetable. It grows in the form of a vine. Bitter gourd usually takes 90 to 120 days to mature. However, it is very important to take care of several factors such as air, water, and sunlight. If you take care of these things, bitter gourds will grow very quickly. In this article, we will tell you the complete method of growing bitter gourd. How to grow bitter gourds in the best way. Read and follow this article for a complete guide.
How Long Does It Take Bitter Gourd to Grow?
On average, bitter gourd takes 3 to 4 months (90-120 days) to mature after planting. The growth timeline can be broken down into the following stages:
1. Germination Stage (7-14 Days)
Bitter gourd seeds typically sprout within 7-14 days after planting.
Soaking seeds in warm water for 24 hours before planting can improve germination rates.
Maintain a soil temperature of 25-30°C (77-86°F) for faster sprouting.
2. Seedling Stage (2-3 Weeks)
After germination, seedlings begin to develop their first true leaves within 2-3 weeks.
Ensure the plants receive 6-8 hours of sunlight and remain protected from strong winds.
Provide a trellis or support system early, as bitter gourd is a climbing vine.
3. Vegetative Growth Stage (3-5 Weeks)
The vine will rapidly grow and develop tendrils, requiring support for climbing.
Water the plant regularly, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged.
Apply organic compost or fertilizer every two weeks for optimal growth.
4. Flowering Stage (30-40 Days After Germination)
Bitter gourd starts flowering around 30-40 days after germination.
Male flowers appear first, followed by female flowers a few days later. Pollination is crucial for fruit development, and bees or hand-pollination can assist in this process
5. Fruiting and Harvesting Stage (90-120 Days)
After successful pollination, small bitter gourds appear and take 15-20 days to mature.
The fruits are ready for harvest when they reach 4-6 inches in length and have a firm texture.
Harvesting at the right time ensures the best taste and texture.
Factors That Affect Bitter Gourd Growth Duration
Bitter gourd growth duration can vary depending on several factors. Below are the key factors that influence how long it takes for bitter gourd to grow:
1. Climate and Temperature
Bitter gourd thrives in warm climates with temperatures between 24°C and 30°C (75°F to 86°F). Cooler temperatures can slow down its growth, while excessive heat may cause flower drop or hinder fruit development. Consistent warmth helps maintain an optimal growth rate, leading to faster maturity.
2. Soil Quality and pH
Bitter gourd prefers well-drained, fertile soil rich in organic matter. The ideal pH range for bitter gourd is 5.5-6.7. Soil that is too acidic or too alkaline can impede growth and extend the time it takes for the plant to reach maturity. Fertile soil with added compost will encourage healthy, quick growth.
3.Watering and Irrigation
While bitter gourd plants require regular watering to maintain consistent moisture levels, overwatering or poorly-drained soil can lead to root rot and slow down growth. During the growing season, water 2-3 times a week, depending on weather conditions. Proper irrigation encourages faster growth by providing the plant with essential nutrients.
4.Fertilization
Bitter gourd plants require balanced fertilization for healthy growth. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the right proportions promote rapid growth. Using organic fertilizers like compost can improve soil health and provide a slow-release source of nutrients. Lack of proper fertilization can delay the growth process, taking longer to reach harvest.
5. Light Exposure
Bitter gourd needs 6-8 hours of direct sunlight each day to grow quickly and produce fruit. Inadequate light can result in slow growth, weak vines, and poor fruit development. Ensure that the plants receive ample sunlight for optimal growth and to maintain a fast growth rate.
6. Planting Method and Seed Quality
The quality of seeds and the method of planting can impact the growth rate of bitter gourd. Soaking seeds for 24 hours before planting can help speed up germination. The way the plant is started, whether in pots or directly in the ground, can affect how quickly the plants establish themselves.
7. Pests and Diseases
Pests such as aphids, fruit flies, and caterpillars can stunt growth and increase the time it takes for bitter gourd to mature. Additionally, diseases like powdery mildew and fungal infections can damage the plant and delay growth. Regular monitoring and using natural pest control methods can prevent these problems and ensure faster growth.
8. Pollination
Bitter gourd is a self-pollinating plant, but it relies on bees or wind for effective pollination. Poor pollination due to a lack of pollinators or environmental factors can result in fewer fruits or delayed fruiting. In areas with low bee activity, manual pollination may be needed to ensure timely fruit development.
9. Spacing and Planting Density
Crowded plants can compete for nutrients, light, and space, which can reduce the growth rate of bitter gourds. Plant bitter gourds with proper spacing, typically around 18-24 inches apart, to give the vines enough room to spread and grow efficiently. Overcrowding can delay the overall growth time.
10 . Harvesting Timing
If the bitter gourd is planted too early or too late, its yield is greatly reduced because if the vegetables and fruits are left attached to the vines for too long, the plant stops producing new fruits.
How to Speed Up Bitter Gourd Growth?
If you want good growth of bitter gourd and want to increase its yield, then take proper care of it. Bitter gourd plants need at least seven to eight hours of sunlight a day and use good fertilizer in them. For the production of plants, soften the soil well before planting the plants, use homemade compost fertilizer and keep a proper interval between them while planting them. Additionally, pre-soaking seeds before planting, pruning dead or excess foliage, and manually pollinating flowers can all help accelerate growth and ensure quicker fruit production.
Conclusion
In the end, it is concluded that growing bitter gourd is a very easy method. It may take at least four to five months for bitter gourd to be ready, but bitter gourd plants grow quickly in the summer season. While planting bitter gourds, they have to be protected and taken care of very well. For example, before planting the plant in the soil, soften it well, add a good type of salt to it to soften it, and then plant the plant in it. If you grow bitter gourd according to this method, you will be able to get a good harvest. Anyone who wants to plant bitter gourds for the first time will be able to get a good harvest of bitter gourds according to this method. You can enjoy the bitter gourd crop by looking at your environment and weather.
FAQs
1. How long does it take for bitter gourds to grow from seed?
Bitter gourd typically takes 90 to 120 days (3 to 4 months) to grow from seed to harvest. The exact time depends on the growing conditions, including temperature, soil quality, and care provided.
2. Can bitter gourd be grown in containers?
Yes, bitter gourds can be grown in containers, provided they are large enough to accommodate the plant’s roots and allow for proper drainage. Choose a container that is at least 18-24 inches deep and supports a trellis or vine support for optimal growth.
3. What is the best climate for growing bitter gourds?
Bitter gourd thrives in warm tropical or subtropical climates. It requires temperatures between 24-30°C (75-86°F) and plenty of sunlight. It is sensitive to cold, so it’s best to plant bitter gourds after the last frost in your region.
